This list demonstrates New Caledonia’s biodiversity and the country’s natural heritage:

• Plants: 5 families, 107 genuses and 3 380 endemic species
• Reptiles (geckos and skinks): 24 genuses, 112 species including 106 that are endemic (95%)
• Birds: 1 family, 3 genuses, 23 endemic species including the kagu, the territory’s emblem
• Freshwater crustaceans: 14 endemic species
• Freshwater fish: 11 endemic species
• Mammals: 6 endemic species of bat.
• Insects: nearly 4 000 endemic species recorded out of a total estimated at 8 000 to 20 000.
• Invertebrates: approximately 4 500 species recorded out of a total estimated at more than 15 000, with an endemic species rate of 90% to 100%.
• Reef and marine fauna and flora: the knowledge assessment concerning marine biodiversity in New Caledonia (by France’s Institute of Research for Development) reports approximately 20 000 species, (of which 5% are endemic), with a good number of “living fossils and archaic forms”.

But numerous sectors still remain unexplored, which suggests that the biodiversity may be even greater.